Realism and Freedom in Literature of Dwight D. Eisenhower

Realism and Freedom Dwight D. Eisenhower once stated, Freedom has its life in the hearts, the actions, the spirit of men and so it must be daily earned and refreshed-else like a flower cut from its life-giving roots, it will wither and die (Rather 1). The meaning of the term freedom is often open to interpretation, and can represent different meanings to different groups of people. Up until the Realistic time period, many Americans viewed freedom as being able to enjoy the rights given to them under the U.S. Constitution. They saw this concept as something they had already attained, not something that they had to strive towards. Many of them lived their lives based merely on emotion and did not take into consideration that all men†¦show more content†¦They veered off the path that Romantic authors had set for them and starting writing about topic that were more important to the time period they lived in, such as the Civil War and abolishing slavery. Many talked about the war and the abolition of slavery. In the article, The Rise of Realism, it is stated that, Idealist championed human rights, especially the abolition of slavery.... These important issues led to a change in literature from being based on feelings to being based on the harsh reality. The Civil War substantially impacted literature by altering how authors portrayed everyday life and the common person. During the Romantic time period, authors used their feelings and emotions as the foundation for their writing. They wrote about topics such as nature and often included a dramatized hero as their main character. Gary Arpin describes this change by writing, Reactions to grim casualties of the war, as well as to the rapid urban expansion, inspired writers and artists to abandon their Romantic ideals (448). As a result of the Civil War, authors moved away from this style of writing and instead focused on realistic events and issues. Realist authors portrayed their ideas through short stories, letters, and poems. These forms of literature became popular, because they were an easy way for soldiers to communicate to their families and comrades about what was happening on the front lines. MajorShow MoreRelatedMaking Sense of Advertisements Daniel Pope8330 Words   |  34 PagesOgilvy campaigns as something other than hard-nosed realism. Middle-class Americans would not see a shirt or a soda brand as their ticket to â€Å"Making Sense of Advertisements,† Daniel Pope, page 6 high society. The advertisements were not dishonest in any direct sense. But David Ogilvy’s ads presented a distorted image of society and did so in the service of selling his clients’ products. Advertising, in Michael Schudson’s phrase, is â€Å"capitalist realism,† an art form that abstracts from and reconfigures

Globalization And The Economy Globalization - 2410 Words

Globalization and the Economy â€Å"It has been said that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity.†(Annan). Throughout humanities existence culture and valuable items have always been exchanged through trade between various groups and tribes that are located near one another, today is no different. In the modern world the exchange of those goods and cultural values have started to be traded at a much faster rate, this can be attributed to the increased role that globalization and technology has played in the development of the global economy. As a result of globalization businesses have been able to become more profitable than ever. However, many believe that even thought the economy has been able to grow at unprecedented speed globalization still posses a negative overall effect on the world as a whole. The people who tend to agree with this viewpoint often point to the undesirable effects that are taken out on the environment and also the in creasing income gap between the rich and the poor. However, these people fail to see that periods of rapid trade have been happening multiple times in the last one thousand years. They also aren’t aware of the benefits that come along with using globalization to its full potential. If used properly globalization can increase the economic outlook for a country while also increasing trade, which allows capital to flow freely between businesses. Overall, globalization is worth the negative impacts because ofShow MoreRelatedGlobalization of the Economy1729 Words   |  7 PagesEconomic globalization has voluminous positive influences on international security as well. The most important effect of economic globalization is that it curbs the authority of state. It also reduces states’ dependence on military based security and ultimately reduces states’ monopoly on security. This effect is considered by many, a prime factor contributing towards peace and stability. There are number of factors associated with economic globalization which affects states authority. FirstlyRead MoreThe Globalization Of The Economy928 Words   |  4 PagesThe globalization of the economy encourages organizations to achieve greater market coverage, which allows companies to define or redefine its strategic posture. Thus, there have been so intense outsourcing processes that enable organizations to address the new challenges and therefore, organizations must develop skills and abilities that enable them to cope with the demands from the environment. Knowledge and analysis of the internal part of the organization and his environment arise the strategicRead MoreThe Political Economy Of Globalization1699 Words   |  7 PagesJoseph Stiglitz and Layna Mosley both discuss globalization in detail and both have similar views regarding globalization. In the chapter â€Å"The Political Economy of Globalization† Layna Mosley asks the question whether globalizations effect on government policy making has adverse effects on the state of the global economy or if governments retain autonomy in regards to policymaking despite globalization. She analyzes trends in globalization and the hypothesis of â€Å"the race to the bottom† as well asRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy1530 Words   |  7 PagesThe impact that globalization has and will have on the U.S economy continues to be one of the most debated economic issues of our times. Many people believe that due to the international trade there are less jobs and lower wages for people. International trade is important to the America economy, and to the economy of the world as whole, because neither the United States nor any other country in the world has everything that its people need and want. Globalization and international trade, come withRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Economy978 Words   |  4 Pagestransnational corporation decided to expand its market to developing countries, or as you might prefer, to emerging economies in South America. Although many of these examples might be trivial, these are the consequences of globalization. Globalization is a process of increasing integration and the result of economic, cultural and political interdependence among countries. Globalization has been a controversial debate, since this phenomenon has affected the world in several ways. Consequently, thereRead MoreGlobalization : A Global Economy Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is the process in which we as humanity are coming together to form a global economy around all sorts of different infrastructures. â€Å"The globalization process implies the incorporation of national economies, cultures, political systems and various identities of capitalist system which require the removal of all hurdles to cross-national interaction and exchange often created earlier by protectionist states† (Aamir, 1). Globalization is the greatest thing to happen to us as humans, weRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy And Foreign Producers, Or Globalization1698 Words   |  7 Pagesreliant on the global economy an d foreign producers, or globalization. Globalization, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is â€Å"the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor markets† (Merriam-Webster). Many people in the world see globalization as either being a blessing or a curse, and necessary or completely unnecessary. This paper will explain that globalization has both benefittedRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy972 Words   |  4 Pageson the economy has globalization made around the world? What is the positive in addition to the negative impacts of globalization? How can we define globalization? According to Kleniewski, â€Å"Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of the world’s economy† (Kleniewski, 135). This means that most economies around the world depend upon each other for economic growth, whether is by trading globally otherwise by having people migrate from one country to the other. Globalization has beenRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Globalization on the Economy Social and Environment Introduction Economic globalization is the process of connecting economic activities of nations and regions to accommodate intercontinental trade. Goods and services can be easily moved across borders guided by international policies. International investors are encouraged to invest in other countries by either opening new businesses or branching out. Also, the importation and exportation of goods and services are allowed while job seekersRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy2474 Words   |  10 Pages the economies of most countries are so interconnected that they form part of a single, interdependent global economy. Globalization has been defined as â€Å"the process of international integrating arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. † With this meaning, perspectives, social norms, and business conducts are being exchanged across cultures. It has changed the world in more ways than we can imagine. The most profound impact of globalization is on

Mentoring vs. Induction Programs Free Essays

How does a mentoring program differ from an induction program? Induction programs are professional experiences for beginning teachers that provide systematic and sustained assistance to ease the transition into teaching (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 500). For example, an induction program assists new teachers with teacher workshops that cater to first year teachers to help them to be better successful in their new classrooms. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentoring vs. Induction Programs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mentoring programs are experienced teachers who provide guidance and support for beginning teachers (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 500). The difference between mentoring and induction programs is mentoring programs is done by a single person (an experienced teacher) who help guide you in succeeding inside your classroom, and an induction program is a program that contains workshops and provides first year teachers crucial information to be able to be successful in their new classrooms. Are mentoring and induction programs equally effective? I do not believe that mentoring and induction programs are equally effective. I believe that mentoring programs are least effective than induction programs. Mentoring programs only offer you a mentor to help you settle into your new classroom for the first year, while induction programs offer you so much more such as: * Special attention is given to teachers in the beginning years of their career to help to link their performance to state and district standards (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 500). * Mentors for beginning teachers are compensated for their work and are given opportunities for their own professional growth through classes that help them become affective mentors (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 00). * Teachers receive assistance and support with everyday problems and are encouraged to develop a reflective professional attitude (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 500). * Universities and schools collaborate to create clinical learning environments for beginning teachers. These relationships provide professional development for both k-12 teachers and university faculty (Kauchak Eggen, 2005, p. 500). This makes induction programs more effective th an mentoring programs because it offers so much more than a mentoring program does. Mentoring programs provide you only a teaching professional to guide you through the first year, while an induction program provides with workshops and programs that better help you to develop as a professional through your first year. What kind of support is available for new teachers that participate in these types of programs? The kind of support that is available for new teachers that participate in the mentoring and induction programs is that of professional development. Induction programs offer professional development by setting up workshops for new teachers that can help them through their first year of teaching. Mentoring programs offer professional development by giving them a mentor that can guide them in helping them to become successful by their own personal experiences. Based on your research, what do these programs lack and what kinds of additional features would improve these programs? Based on my research, I think that the programs would be more beneficial if the two programs would work together. I think that if a new teacher used both the mentoring and the induction programs that they could be more successful. By using one program I do not believe that you could learn all that you needed to learn in just one of these programs. Yes, the induction program is good for profession development by offering workshops to better a first year teacher, but having a mentor along the side of you to support you would be even better. I think this would also better help teachers to stay in this profession instead of changing professions because they How to cite Mentoring vs. Induction Programs, Papers

Management and Leadership and Power and Politics

Question: Discuss about the . Answer: Introduction: Leadership and culture are the most important factors that affect the organizational behavior from top to low managerial level. It is the duty of the leader in the 21st century to manage the conflicts to overcome the growing issues. Employees do look at the leader to understand the way to deal with conflict. The leader has an opportunity to model conflict prevention and management program in order to resolve the perspective issue that might arise at the workplace. A good example in the field of role of leader in an organization is given by Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz. The motive of sending the Memo to the employees is a proactive step in order to boost their morale. The memo was sent out to due to drastic dip in the stock market. Schultzs memo was planned to boost up employee morale during a traumatic time. The motive behind sending the message to Starbucks employees is to keep away from augmented stress and conflict on-the-job (Roose.2015). Schultz proved to put a positive impact by utilizing the opportunity to exercise positive influence on the mind of employees, stimulating them to progress their customer service in order to enhance the productivity. A leader affects the organizational culture in many ways by inspiring his employees. There is a direct relationship in between positive leadership and the culture of the organization. Starbucks motivates an optimistic work culture with employees involvement. Starbucks is one of the successful businesses in the world with its CEO Hoard Schultz. The company is driven by the leadership stature based on Howard Schultz. According to the leadership theory formulated in the year 1978 there are two types of Leaders: transactional and transformational. Howard Schultz follows a transformational form of leadership system where he encourages the members to develop as an individual and as a team and to work towards achieving objectives. He ensures that there is trust among the people towards the company (Michelli, 2006). The given case study relates to Schultz message to employees in order to manage conflicts occurring in global atmosphere due to dip in share prices. An effective leader has a responsibility to address the problems in advance. It is his duty to address employees in order to motivate them to enhance productivity. On his memo to employees regarding customer satisfaction he reflected the necessity to provide an everlasting experience to them through effective services. As per Schultz a single negative review by the customer affects the brand image. According to him the brands which focus upon building a strong brand image succeed on a long run. Starbucks focus on providing the best to overcome adversities caused due to role of politics at workplace (Starbucks CEO Howard Schultzs memo to employees.2008). Effect of Management Leadership on Organizational Culture Overall global changing scenario has created an urgency of the role of an Effective management team in order to shape leadership skills (Morais. Et al, 2014). Power and politics in todays business scenario plays an enormous role. In the given situation it is the role of the leader to promote interest of the employees in favor of the organization. In businesses the impact of power depends on employees whether they are using positive or negative influence at workplace. Politics openly manipulate those who have power and determination regarding the overall culture of the workplace supports output. Leadership with time has become unconscious and automotive deed. The culture at Starbucks is robust as built by the Schultz that motivates cohesive atmosphere. Leaders are held responsible for making several important decisions about an issue. Decision regarding a serious cultural change is taken under enormous pressure. The process of making decisions is made through the experiences and encou nter with the multiple circumstances (Roose.2015). In the given situation Howard Schultz has established a positive impact on the mind of the employees. The role of a transformational leader is to encourage towards positivity. His approach is proactive in nature and compiles all the necessary steps need to be taken in order to overcome complicated situations. According to his approach conflicts need to be addressed at a low level to avoid major conflict. To avoid such a situation Starbucks has created a multi-disciplinary atmosphere giving an equal preference to each task. Role of Leadership in managing disputes A transformational leader is the one who bring confidence and respect among the people. He is a charismatic leader and followers tend to accept the changes bought buy him. Schultz has a charismatic personality that motivates the other employees in shaping the future of the organization. Starbucks is known across the world as an example for efficient leadership practice. Employees are constantly motivated to provide effective result. A leader acts as a motivator and imbibes the culture in the employees and the organization through working as a team player. Howard Schultz is filled with positivity. He has inspired everyone across the company to work ethically for the well-being of the organization. Moreover he believes in hiring efficient employees who will help in achieving the targets. His way of working is different from the other leaders as he challenges the inner capability of every individual. He is inspirational communicators who believe in inspiring the managerial team. There a re more than 20,000 stores across the globe who are delivering consistent coffee (Our Company, 2016). He has a goal to deliver consistent customer care service and Starbucks products in all the stores. He takes a good care of the employees because they are the most important asset to the organization. He believes in listening to the employees carefully and promise to resolve the disputes by stabilizing the schedule. Employees motivation is essential to attain high productivity. His effect is easily visible on the employees way of conducting business. He plays an inspiring role in managing the disputes occurring in the organization while inspiring a cohesive organizational culture. According to Schultz Respect for culture is necessary and it is preferred to encourage diversity by the organization in order to achieve the result. Starbucks is open for the supplier who belongs to a diversified communities and consistently working for the economic development of the communities as a whole (Business Ethics and Compliance, 2016). Schultz role on Organizational culture The whole decision making process is due to interconnection in between the various variable patterns that are essential for the organization. The quality of a successful leader is that he is an efficient decision maker (Schein, 2010). A leader like Schultz is known around the world for his exuberant vision. His proactive nature in dealing with the issues has helped in developing a positive impact not only on the employees but also on the mind of the society. Their understanding to deal with the pressure associated with the decision making process is extremely spontaneous and strategic. The role of senior management in dealing with the issues is due to Schultz positive way of business. A Successful leader like him uses his knowledge to attain consistent result and know techniques to handle pressure. The leadership model focused by him is comprised of handling situation under accumulated pressure and finding out the best solution an efficient leader motivates the other employee to over come their fear and lead as an inspiration for the other people. It is the general tendency of people to follow a strong person who helps them in achieving unattainable targets (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee, 2013). Role of power/authority to lead and manage the organization Global business situation is changing and sudden fluctuation in the stock price has demotivated the overall morale of the employees and the customers. Politics in an organization is an inseparable part. Moreover it affects the internal management and culture of the organization. Schultz understands his role to meet the issues occurring in the organization to be addressed at priority. Schultz through his power has leaded the organization towards attainment of different goal which has helped in developing a friendly work environment. Customer satisfaction is the primary motive at Starbucks which is inculcated in each of the employee. Internal politics however hamper the growth that is managed by the management by redressing the issues. The atmosphere of negative politics is avoided by Schultz at workplace. Starbucks operates while promoting a positive culture at workplace. The role of management is to remove the issues at first hand by directing the issues. In the given situation Schul tz through his leadership skills has motivated by mentioning about the employees promise to customer service. Tactics used by him to seek attention of the employees and the senior management can do wonder while addressing serious issues caused due to change in global business environment. According to him those Organizations that promote climates of negativity and conflict are the real sufferer. Employees who are encouraged to connect in deceitful or unprincipled behavior might face decrease in productivity and a higher turnover rates. Effect of Office Politics on the Organizational Culture Resolving a conflict is a major part of Starbucks organizational culture to attain efficiency. Team of employees need to sort out difference of opinion with mutual respect and patience. The whole process involves emotions, insight, and proceedings that are experienced in three levels. There is a necessity to address the differences in the mind of the employees by removing the negative experience and shifting it to a positive one (Ahamefula, 2014). The conflicts at the workplace demotivate the morale of the employees. Hence managerial interference is important to resolve the disputes caused at various level. Starbucks rely on the wisdom of their leader Schultz which is based on addressing to internal issue through his transformational leadership skills. The disputes are addressed at a preliminary level. In a large sized organization like Starbucks with global presence it has become important to manage dissimilarity of opinion by removing politics from the grass root level. Politics in the organization causes commotion in the mind of employees. In such a situation it is advised to the leader to take over the situation by addressing to the employees and the partners. For addressing the issue Starbucks has developed an atmosphere which is builds on setting responsibility for each individual while delegating responsibility. Direct distribution of duty at Starbucks has a proper relevance with delegating the authority. Schultz actively participates in addressing the conflicts. For Starbucks it has become important to take significant measures through stringent organizational culture to address the issues occurring at different places. Starbucks has moreover framed policies accordingly to meet the contingencies occurring due to internal disputes due to problems. Effects on the organization culture and effectiveness Conflicts are obvious at a place where people work under a team. Each individual has a different set of opinion under the right set of situation. The differences among the employees can escalate the conflict. Conflict management helps in determining whether it will works in the team's advantage, or adds to its failure. One can choose to disregard it, protest against it, can hold responsible someone for it, or try to handle it with deals and mutual consent. Otherwise one can directly elucidate what is going on and can challenge to arrive at a verdict in the course of ordinary methods like cooperation or negotiation. It's understandable that disagreement has to be managed with a constructive plan or else it's too simple to get dragged into the quarrel and generate smooth superior confusion. Starbucks has more than 20,000 stores and they have a prime objective to provide equivalent services to each of its store located at different corner. They come across majority of conflict and issues due to diversity of employees. Politics at the workplace effect the growth of the organization. In most of the companys political interference has affected the overall growth. Conflict resolution is a difficult task in a large organization to coordinate the function. In such a situation it is suggested to handle the dispute under the leadership of an efficient leader. Howard Schultz has based his thinking on critically analyzing the issues according to the necessity of the organization. Conflict is an obvious phenomenon taking place in a large size organization. The primary focus is to find out a way to resolve the dispute in order to draw a conclusion (Brown and Trevio, 2006). In the present scenario the decision related to an organization are taken by the management to redress the inte rnal issues. Impact Of leadership on Organizational Culture Leader sat Starbucks are treated as an ordinary member and every individual at work is given equal representation. The organizational culture of Starbucks is managed efficiently under the guidance of Howard Schultz. The leaders are involved in planning, controlling and provides direction to the subordinates. They do not consider themselves separately while managing the organization. The staff at Starbucks work together in order to create sustainable profit. Starbucks has developed an atmosphere in order to help the employees in achieving individual and organizational objective (Frankson.2017). Organizational culture is very important to address the conflicts occurring in the organization. Starbucks faces issues due to diversity in employees. It is necessary to achieve the organizational goals due to cultural interference. Conflicts and disputes are part of an organization which cannot be separated due to difference in opinion. It is recommended that the organization should try to address the issues at an initial level so it helps them to undertake the regular duties efficiently. Moreover it is the duty of the manager to resolve the disputes occurring at the ground level in an efficient manner in order to achieve a desired result. Starbucks work globally and it is essential to manage the consistency throughout. Dispute should be resolved first handedly by the mangers in order to create a healthy environment. Howard Schultz has inculcated a model that focus on resolution of internal dispute in an efficient manner through mutual agreement. However at times when the situation is difficult to be handled then senior manager should interfere in order to resolve the dispute (Barak, 2013). The culture of the organization helps in managing dispute occurring at different level. Culture clarity is necessary in an organization in order to avoid problems occurring in internal working of the organization (Pendola.2014). Every employee at Starbucks has given a clear division of work. The duty of each employee is set already by the team manager in order to achieve high level of productivity. Starbucks motivates a culture of social energy in order to guide the organizational leader to behave as per the instructions of the leader. This is one of the significant way to avoid conflicts at workplace. Division of duty as per the caliber of the employees provide them to achieve effective result. The organization support working in a cohesive atmosphere in order to achieve desired results. Starbucks inspire and support mutual cooperation at workplace by training the employees. Howard Schultz has imbibe effective organizational culture in the employees. This has helped the organization to obey the behavioral norms as mentioned in the mission and vision statement. It is already operating more than 20,000 stores across globe. They are trained to provide efficient quality of services by ignoring the conflict inside the organization. Behavioral norms include following the organizational culture by motivating each employee. Starbumcks has motivated a cooperative environment inside the organization by significantly helping them to sustain in the changing environment. The success of the organization depend upon the culture needs and consistency. Starbucks culture promotes effective communication at different level. All the employees in Starbucks stores are called as partners so that they can communicate with each other effectively. The manager, store manager and assistant mana ger effectively make a management group twice a week in order to redress the issues. Around 80% of the working time of manager is carried out to communicate between partners that motivates effective productivity. The manager at Starbucks is responsible to improve employees communication skills. They provides trainings to the employee by providing them with thank card which is an effective tool to motivate the employees effectively. Schultz understand that, the success of the organization depend upon the employees satisfaction. It enhances overall productivity (Meyer.2015). Conclusion Conflicts and disputes are the essential part of an organization due to existence of people with different opinion. Leadership in that case helps in dealing with the problem that occurs in a regular course of business. Starbucks is worldwide renowned name due to its especially coffee. The organization faces conflicts and disputes on a regular basis. Disputes occur internally and externally and need to be resolved with an efficient technique. The organization is following a stringent problem resolution structure that is efficient enough to address multiple issues at a grassroots and top level. It is advised that an organization should plan strategies in an efficient manner that helps in resolving multiple issues occurring on a day today business. Its observed that the organization that has an efficient risk management system can attain the objectives in an easy manner whereas those organization which do not have a proper risk addressing procedure faces problem at multiple levels. Star bucks has however successfully implemented conflict resolution in their internal process. This has helped them to attain efficiency. Conflict management has become an important component in managing external dispute through negotiation. Under such a competitive atmosphere it has become an important task to overcome the issue to achieve a sustainable environment. This has become evident through the case study of Starbucks. References Ahamefula, O.P., 2014.Conflict Management in the Workplace(Doctoral dissertation, [sn]). Aritzeta, A., Ayestaran, S. and Swailes, S., 2005. Team role preference and conflict management styles.International Journal of conflict management,16(2), pp.157-182. Barak, M.E.M., 2013.Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Bass, B.M. and Riggio, R.E., 2006.Transformational leadership. Psychology Press. Brown, M.E. and Trevio, L.K., 2006. Ethical leadership: A review and future directions.The leadership quarterly,17(6), pp.595-616. Business Ethics And Compliance,2016. Online. Available at: https://www.starbucks.in/about-us/company-information/business-ethics-and-compliance Accessed on 3 January 2017. Chandrasekar, K., 2011. Workplace environment and its impact on organisational performance in public sector organisations.International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems,1(1), pp.1-16. De Dreu, C.K. and Beersma, B., 2005. Conflict in organizations: Beyond effectiveness and performance.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,14(2), pp.105-117. DeChurch, L.A., Hamilton, K.L. and Haas, C., 2007. Effects of conflict management strategies on perceptions of intragroup conflict.Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice,11(1), p.66. Frankson, S.2017. The Culture Case Study of Starbucks. (Online). Available at:https://shaunfrankson.com/starbucks/Accessed on: 11 January 2017. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A., 2013.Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Hill,C and Jones, G.2007. Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. Cengage Learning Kaushal, R. and Kwantes, C.T., 2006. The role of culture and personality in choice of conflict management strategy.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,30(5), pp.579-603. Meyer,P.2015. Starbucks Coffee Companys Organizational Structure. (Online). Available at:https://panmore.com/starbucks-coffee-company-organizational-structureAccessed on: 11 January 2017 Michelli, J.A., 2006.Starbucks experience. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Moore, C.W., 2014.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Morais, U.P., Pena, J., Shacket, K., Sintilus, L., Ruiz, R., Rivera, Y. and Mujtaba, B.G., 2014. Managing Diverse Employees at Starbucks: Focusing on Ethics and Inclusion.International Journal of Learning and Development,4(3), pp.35-50. Nahavandi, A., 2009.The art and science of leadership(pp. 103-104). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Our Company,2016. Online. Available at: https://www.starbucks.in/about-us/company-information Accessed on 3 January 2017. Pendola, R.2014. Howard Schultz Sent This Memo to Starbucks' Store Managers Last Night. (Online). Available at:https://www.thestreet.com/story/12215743/1/howard-schultz-sent-this-memo-to-starbucks-store-managers-last-night.htmlAccessed on: 11 January 2017. Rahim, M.A., 2010.Managing conflict in organizations. Transaction Publishers. Roose,K.2015. The CEO of Starbucks just told baristas to be nice to stressed-out customers because of the stock market crash. (Online). Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:https://fusion.net/story/187787/stock-market-crash-has-starbucks-customers-stressed-ceo/gws_rd=crei=JDF2WLSfI8zYvAT4oKfgAQAccessed on: 11 January 2017. Schein, E.H., 2010.Organizational culture and leadership(Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Somech, A., Desivilya, H.S. and Lidogoster, H., 2009. Team conflict management and team effectiveness: The effects of task interdependence and team identification.Journal of Organizational Behavior,30(3), pp.359-378. Starbucks CEO Howard Schultzs memo to employees.2008. (Online). Available at: https://www.seattletimes.com/business/starbucks-ceo-howard-schultzs-memo-to-employees/ Accessed on: 11 January 2017. Storey,J., Wright,P. and Ulrich,D.2009. The Routledge Companion to Strategic Human Resource Management. Taylor Francis